Journal: International Journal of Endocrinology

Article Title: Alterations in the Corneal Nerve and Stem/Progenitor Cells in Diabetes: Preventive Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Treatment

doi: 10.1155/2014/312401

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of diabetes and treatment with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-1) on corneal innervation and corneal progenitor/stem cells. Representative histological photomicrographs of corneal nerves that were immunostained with β -III-tubulin showing epithelial nerve (a), the subbasal nerve plexus (b), and stromal nerve trunks. (c) The rhIGF-I administration significantly accelerated recovery of the corneal subbasal nerve and epithelial branches. (d) Histogram of the quantification of the corneal subbasal nerve density. The subbasal nerve plexuses of the diabetic eyes completely diminished compared with that in the normal eyes, whereas those of rhIGF-1-treated diabetic corneas recovered. Statistical comparison of data between groups was performed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. The bars represent the mean ± SEM (* P < 0.00001, ** P < 0.01). Representative immunostained micrographs of cross-sections of diabetic and rhIGF-1-treated corneas showing the expression of progenitor/stem cell markers. The decrease in Hes1 (e) and Keratin19 (f) staining was prevented in rhIGF-1-treated diabetic mice compared with diabetic mice (Figures and ).

Article Snippet: rhIGF-I was purchased from PeproTech (Rocky Hill, NJ, USA). rhIGF-I was reconstituted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) and stored at −80°C until use according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Recombinant, MANN-WHITNEY, Expressing, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Article Title: Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 on the Maintenance of Ribbon Synapses in Mouse Cochlear Explant Cultures

doi: 10.3389/fncel.2020.571155

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of exogenous IGF1 on the recovery of ribbon synapses. Cochlear explants from P4 mice were exposed to 50 μg/ml JB1 for 24 h, after which they were incubated with culture media supplemented with rhIGF1 at a concentration of 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.5, or 1, 5 μg/ml for 24 h (A) . (B–D) Maximal-intensity projection images with z -stack of the immunostaining images of specimens cultured without rhIGF1. Panels (E–J) are maximal-intensity projection images of the recovery of ribbon synapses in specimens cultured with 50 μg/ml JB1 for 24 h, followed by rhIGF1 treatment for 24 h at concentrations of 0.2 and 5 μg/ml, respectively. Arrows show the postsynaptic receptor patches and dotted lines indicate the location of an IHC. Exogenous rhIGF1 showed significant effects on the number of both presynaptic ribbons ( K ; p < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA) and postsynaptic receptor patches ( L ; p < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA). Tukey’s post hoc test revealed significant difference at concentrations of 0.2 ( p = 0.034), 1 ( p = 0.017), and 5 μg/ml ( p = 0.010) in the number of presynaptic ribbons, and at concentrations of 0.2 ( p = 0.020) and 5 μg/ml ( p = 0.012) in the number of postsynaptic receptor patches, in comparison with controls which were cultured in 0 μg/ml rhIGF1. Scale bars: 10 μm. Data are expressed as mean (digits at the top of each bar) ± SD. The digits at the bottom of each bar represent the sample number. * p < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. P4, postnatal day 4; IHC, inner hair cell; SD, standard deviation; rhIGF1, recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1; ANOVA, analysis of variance.

Article Snippet: To determine the effect of exogenous IGF1 on the recovery of presynaptic ribbons and postsynaptic receptor patches, cochlear explants that had been exposed to 50 μg/ml JB1 for 24 h were incubated with culture media supplemented with rhIGF1 (Orphan Pacific Pharma, Tokyo, Japan) at a concentration of 0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, or 5.0 μg/ml ( n = 5–10) for 24 h. The specimens were then histologically examined.

Techniques: Incubation, Concentration Assay, Immunostaining, Cell Culture, Comparison, Standard Deviation, Recombinant